Span of Control
The number of direct reports a manager is responsible for.
Span of control refers to how many people report directly to a single manager. It shapes how much time a manager can devote to each report, how quickly decisions flow, and how many layers a hierarchy needs.
A narrow span allows close supervision and development but adds management layers and cost; a wide span flattens the structure and encourages autonomy but can stretch managers thin. The right balance depends on the complexity of the work and the maturity of the team.
Reviewing spans across an organisation, easily done from an accurate org chart, can reveal overloaded managers, unnecessary layers or under-supported teams. It is a useful lens during restructuring and workforce planning.
